প্রাচীন সভ্যতার নিদর্শনের দিক দিয়ে সমৃদ্ধ প্রাচীন জনপদ ছিল- পুন্ড্র। এর রাজধানীর নাম ছিল পুণ্ড্রনগর/পুণ্ড্রবর্ধন। পরবর্তীকালে এর নাম হয় মহাস্থানগড়। এর সীমানা রংপুর, রাজশাহী, দিনাজপুর, বগুড়া (শর্টকাট- রংরাদিব)। পাথরের চাকতিতে খোদাই করা লিপি (প্রাচীনতম) পাওয়া যায়- পুণ্ড্রতে। পুন্ড্র জাতির উল্লেখ পাওয়া যায় বৈদিক সাহিত্য ও মহাভারতে। প্রাচীন পুন্ড্র রাজ্য স্বাধীন সত্তা হারায় সম্রাট অশোকের রাজত্বকালে।
আমাদের অল-ইন-ওয়ান মোবাইল অ্যাপের মাধ্যমে সীমাহীন শেখার সুযোগ উপভোগ করুন।
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